1. Establish a Sense of Urgency
   • Examine market and competitive realities
   • Identify and discuss crises, potential crises, or major opportunities
2. Form a Powerful Guiding Coalition
   • Assemble a group with enough power to lead the change effort
   • Encourage the group to work as a team
3. Create a Vision
   • Create a vision to help direct the change effort
   • Develop strategies for achieving that vision
4. Communicate the Vision
   • Use every vehicle possible to communicate the new vision and strategies
   • Teach new behaviors by the example of the guiding coalition
5. Empower Others to Act on the Vision
   • Get rid of obstacles to change
   • Change systems or structures that seriously undermine the vision
   • Encourage risk-taking and nontraditional ideas, activities, and actions
6. Plan for and Create Short-Term Wins
   • Plan for visible performance improvements
   • Create those improvements
   • Recognize and reward employees involved in the improvements
7. Consolidate Improvements and Produce Still More Change
   • Use increased credibility to change systems, structures, and policies that don’t fit the vision
   • Hire, promote, and develop employees who can implement the vision
   • Reinvigorate the process with new projects, themes, and change agents
8. Institutionalize New Approaches
   • Articulate the connections between the new behaviors and organizational success
   • Develop the means to ensure leadership development and succession.

– John P Kotter